Process for treating metalliferous ores.



R. L. LLOYD.

PROCESS FOR TREATING METALLIFEROUS ORE S. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 30. 1912. RENEWED NOV. 1, 1915.

Patented Feb. 13, 1917.

A UNITED STATES Y PATENT OFFICE.

3101mm: Lnwrs LLOYD, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR 'ro DWIGHT & LLOYD METAL- LURGICAL COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y. A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

. PROCESS FORTREATING METALLIFEROUS ORES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 13', 1917.

Application filed December 30, 1912, Serial No. 739,335 Renewed November 1, 1915. Serial No. 59,149.

This invention relates to improvements in the art of desulfurizing oxidizing andsmelt- 1ng ore masses which are composed of the sulfids'or analogous compounds of the metals in fine condition; particularly when two or more metal sulfids are mingled.

The object is to effect, approximately simultaneously, the several chemical changes, modifications or reactions which are necessary in order to finally obtain the desired metals or metal compounds from initial sulfids, or to effect these reactions in such intensely rapid succession that it will be substantially the same as if they were'simultaneous.

It is well known, and does not requireprolonged description, that in metallurgical work of this sort (as now practically carried on in the art) the-several successive steps are entirely separated, being not only appreciably remote from each other in time, but being earned on one 1n one place and another in another.

For example, the oxidizing and desulfurizing are accomplished on an elongated roasting hearth whereon a bed or stratum of the metal sulfid fines is exposed, and where it is subjected to the action of reverberatory heat, accompanied by rabbling, or the like,

to effect the oxidizing reaction, this oxidizing being carried down to the point where there is left in the mass the desired percentage .of the sulfur component. Thenthe ore, (after being withdrawn from the roasting hearth andstored at some relatively remote point) 1 is introduced into the smelting furnace and is there subjected to the treatment required to obtain the regulus from the" mixed oxids and sulfids of the mass in hand.

It is unnecessary for those acquainted with the long, tedious, and expensive steps above mentioned to describe the desirability of substituting for them a more rapid and economical process and establishing a method by which the initially raw native sulfids can be instantly transferred into the regulus now obtained at the end of this old series of steps, that is tosay, at the termination of the treatment in the smelting furnace.

Not only has there been recognition of the disadvantages incident to these earlier processes for treating sulfids but there have been ponents while in transit with theair, and

then carrying the gaseous products and the fine metallic and other solid particles onward through the chamber with the, expectation that'the gases and vapors would finally rise to the stack While the non-gaseous particles would finally drop under the action of gravity and settle upon the floor and there react upon each other in a manner analogous to that followed by themasses in an ordinary smelter bath chamber.

But experience disclosed that What was expected to occur when following such suggestions could not be brought about, the currents of inward-projected air and the.

currents of gas drawn toward the stack by products, not only swept the gas volumes themselves rapidly onward through the prolonged furnace chamber and then upward to the flues and the stack, but also caused a similar travel upward and onward of the minute particles of the metallic and other solid bodies. And the latter were separated as sub-masses differing from each other, and collected in different parts vof the passage Ways according to their varying specific gravities and grades of fineness. It was supposed that the reactions which would occur among the solid [particles while they were in the upper part of the oxidizing and desulfurizing furnace would be ofsuch nature that the/necessary subsequent-condi tions for smelting cquld be reached that is to say, it was expected that reactions would occur, immediately after the instant of oxidizing and desulfurizing, similar to those that take place in the smelter bath.

- the powerful suction draft resulting from I l the intense heat imparted to the gaseous But in this respect, also, experience demonstrated that there was serious error. It

was found that the individual minute par-' ticles of the metallic and other solid bodies, after being driven into the furnace chamber by the air blast, and even after the oxidizing and disassociation of the sulfur components, still remained segregated, and that under the propelling influence of the blast and of the draft suction they were carrie on, as above remarked, to the flues and to the stack without any occurrence of the reactions necessary to effect smelting.

And it Was further found that the requisite reactions could not be carried on, or could not be assured to occur, with the necessary accuracy as to desulfurizing and oxidation where only a single point of ore supply was provided for the chamber.

Guided by my observations of the phenomena characterizingthe experiments under these earlier proposals I have succeeded in developing a method for treating sulfid bodies, of the nature specified, by which I obviate these difficulties and disadvantages. It includes the supplying of ore and solid materials to the furnace at two or more points, so that the actions of the ore and other materials supplied at one point (and also the products of those actions) can be modified by material supplied at another point. It includes moreover as another feature the arresting of the rapid travel smelting of such materials. Before this (caused by the air blast and the gas suction) of the particles consisting of, or containing, the metals and the other solid bodies.

In order that the subject-matter, generally considered, now being described may be typified .for the reader, he can have in mind an initial mass of sulfid fines which is comately after the instant at which the fine metal-bearing particles are subjected to the high heat (including the heat which is supplied from surrounding regions in the furnace and also the heat developed by the oxidizing of the metal and of the sulfur) there is. such a sudden drop in the temperature, through heat radiation, of the scattered particles that those actions and stages of condition which characterize the smelting bath cannot be attained. And that in this fact resides the cause of the difiiculty which has been experienced heretofore in the ef= forts and with the proposed plans for effecting the instantaneous combined roasting and actions ordinarily occurring in the smelting furnace bath can be secured.

I effect this arresting of the particles at the critical instant of their highest heat by means of baflling devices (of suitable character) so placed that they are impinged upon by the flying particles, and are stopped by them when in the proper condition, the gaseous components of the general mass in the chamber being separated therefrom and permitted to pass rapidly on to the exterior through the fiues and the stack. These baffling or arresting devices are of the nature of obstructions in the paths of the air and of the gas currents. It is preferable to have them arranged successively in a series in the (as to nascency, temperature,

conditions specified at a relative early instant will be arrested by one of them, while others, which do not reach these condltions of impact, in such condition that they are susceptible of entering into intimate relation, physically and chemically with each other, and at those instants the reactions among them set in which are characteristic of a smelting operation. The accumulation on the bafiies is such that relatively large masses rapidly form, and then drop to, and are collected in, thebath chamber below. In this chamber they can be retained as long as may be desired, and reactions of any of the ordinary sorts can be secured, according to the conditions created by themetallur- 'ist.v

g The arresting walls or baflle obstructions can be regarded as preliminary bath re-v gions, that is to say, they are places where actions and reactions take place correspond ing ,to the first that occur in the ordinary smelting furnace and its bath.

Figure 1 is a horizontal section of a fur nace apparatus of one of the forms adapted to carry out my improvements n the art. Fig. 2 is a view, partly in side elevation, and partly in longitudinal section.

Fig. 3 is a View partly in end elevation and partly in transverse section.

Referring to the apparatus or plant shown in Figs. 1 to 3, A indicates the furnace part as an entirety. It is indicated as formed with exterior shell walls a at the sides, a at the receiving end, and a at the delivery end, with a top or cover a and a masonry foundation at a Inside of the shell part there is arranged the refractory lining wall where necessary, as

' shown at a", a. Upon the foundation. there and windows, as shown at a, suitably arranged at any points preferred, for meeting any of the purposes of the apertures ordinarily formed in the side walls of'reverberatoryor roasting furnaces. a At the discharge end is the escape passage for the gaseous products of combustion, indicated generally by B, this, being connected if desired with the fire boxes or heating chambers of the boilers of the plant; in respect to which they can be disposed in any of the now well known ways; the fire boxes generally in turn communicating with the final stack.

Inthe region indicated by C is arranged the apparatus by which the ore and other solid materials are delivered to the interior- The parts inof the furnace chamber. cluded 1n this supply mechanism can be of any of various forms, as concerns their details. I have shown one which comprises a framework indicated by" G having uprights, sills, and cross bars.' Upon this frame there is shown -.a track system at g, by which materials are carried to or from the various hoppers or bins. Of thelatter there are two or more series those of each series being indicated by E, E E and adapted either to all hold material of the same sort, or to respectivelyhold materials of different sorts, such as are combined in various ways for the accomplishing of different purposes in metallurgical work. The hoppers or bins arerespectively provided with; valves, dampers, or like devices, for controlling the proportions of the solid materials delivered, which pass. therefrom to the interior of the furnace;

Within this region at C, is disposed also the airdeliv'ery apparatus, which is shown as-comprising one or more delivery pipes C, communicating directly with the interior of the furnace chamber, they having suitably-formed nozzles at c, which are inserted through the .end apertures w. Of these therecan be as many asnecessary. I show two, one arranged on longitudinal lines relatively closeto-the right hand vertical sidewall of the furnace, and the other arranged similarlv in relation to the vleft hand wall." I p These air delivery plpes communicate with the supply system indicated at G which is connected to-the compressing" appaplant.

ratus or blowers, suitably located in the At F, F there are indicated parts of a fuelsupply system. As shown, they are pipes intended for delivering gas or liquid fuel and terminating in delivery nozzles at constructed or provided with baflies or obstructing devices arranged in the paths of the currents of air, and of the gases produced by the reactions in the particles of solid material thatare carried in by the air. As shown in the mechanism now being de scribed, these are .partial walls or partial vertical diaphragms, indicated by D, D D etc. They are initially built in as part of the refractory element of the furnace, being'integral with or extending continuously from the side wall parts, a". Preferably, they are staggered, as concerns their positions in transverse planes, each of those onthe right side preceding (in transverse planes), one upon the left. In other words,

those at D, D D etc., are in transverse planes intermediate of thetransverse planes of thoseat D D D etc. Those upon the right hand side, it will be seen, are in planes which intersect the longitudinal lines of the initial'projection of the jets or streams ofmaterial which are-carried in by the right to the furnace, without the addition of modifying bodies, the bins or hoppers at E, E

E can be kept loaded therewith, subject to withdrawal for thefurnace.

If, however, the materialsare suchas to demand modification, one by another,

(as by the intermingling of one with another, prior to the introduction to the furnace), the hoppers or bins, respectively,

will be loaded by the materials of the different classes that are to be so mingled.

And, as indicated, the proportions of one relative to another,'c'an be readily changed from time to time, there being means combined with the bins for increasing or decreasing the" relative quantity from eachthat is carried away by the delivery apparatus in a given period. And this apparatus can be used to advantage with the commonly found ore mass above referred to as V a type, namely, one containing iron sulfid copper sulfid, together with more or and less of the usually accompanying bodies such as silica, alumina, and "others.

in the bins or hoppers at'E. ,The bin at E can beused for storing silica which it is This principal mass islto be temporarily stored nace chamber briefly summarized as transfrequently found necessary to add to the mass above referred to. Lime can be held in the bin at E this being another material which is frequently demanded for mixing with those above specified.

Such materials have been.- heretofore commonly treated, as already mentioned, by

passing them through a roasting apparatus for the oxidizing and combustion of'a ma or part of the sulfur, and by then delivering them to the smelting furnace and treating them in such way as to form matte, together with a proportionate quantity of slag. The matte, as is well known, is a compound inetallic body comprising iron sulfid and copper sulfid (with or without others), and after being taken from thesmelting furnace it is further treated in well known ways for theseparation of the metals. It is produced by a series of reactions in the smelter furfers of oxygen and sulfur, which transfers are made possible at a high temperature, and require a delicately adjusted environment, chemically consideredl And these transfers of the constituent elements and 'this delicate adjustment of the protecting environment are p'ossible only when there is more or less of an appreciable mass of the highlyheated metallic bodies. -Such massing of the metalliferous bodies under the necessary protecting conditions is secured in the old smelting furnace to 'which the pre- Vl011Sly oxidized and desulfurized bodies are delivered. J

One of the purposes of the present process is to supply these conditions where the metallic components, initially in a finely divided state, have their minute particles, while remote from each other, almost instantaneously oxidized and desulfurized,

and where they would instantly thereafter lose the heat necessary for smelting. and matte-forming and be carried to the exterior of the furnace, and to bring these minute and separated particles (practically simultaneously with the desulfurizing and oxidizing) into that mass relationship which is necessary to attain the matte forming I which is reached in smelting.

With the present mechanism, after the interior of the furnace has been highly heated by fuel supplied from the fuel-delivery devices at 7, 7, the solid materials are allowed to pass, in proper proportions, from the bins E, E E into the air ducts C and being in, fine condition the particles are forced violently through" the nozzles 0. Their chemical constitution renders them inflammable when heated in the presence of oxygen. The resulting combustion, that is, the oxidizing of the sulfur component and also of the metallic bodies, itself produces a v high heat which according to the present contemplation is, under many circumstances,

sufficient to carry on the treatment indefinitely, after the fuel supply from the ducts at F, F is shut off.

' The particles of the finely reduced materials are directed into the furnace on lines approximately longitudinal thereof. As soon as their combustion occurs volumes of hot gaseous products are formed and these, together with the incoming. jets of air, tend to sweep the fine particles of solid oxids onward throughthe. furnace and to'the escape passages. These several agencies not only tend to keep the solid particles separated from each other but also are suflicient to carry the whole of the mass through the entire furnace, through the fiues, and finally to the stack. And this has been the result heretofore in following any of the methodsknown to me. that have been suggested.

But in my case very difierent .results are obtained,- because of the structure of the interior of the furnace. For the rapidly expanding and onward moving gaseous bodies thereis ample passageway for escape; but it is more or less tortuous and defined by walls which furnish sharp interrupting surfaces against which the highly heated and oxidized solid particles impinge at thenascent instant.

,As shown in Fig. 1,. the interrupting or baflie devices at D, D etc, are so arranged, in relation to the initial nozzles, that the solid metallic particles strike against one or another almost instantly after entry. But although this impingingoccurs withgreat rapidity, it must be conceived of as later than the time of the instant of commencement of the first chemical reaction that is to say, the oxidizing of the sulfur and metal components commences instantly on the escape of the particles through the nozzle orifices.

If the particles are sufficiently small, this commencement of the reaction must be un-v a derstood as not only commencing, but also as terminating, immediately; the period of nascency being correspondingly short. Whilethat period is continuing (short as it is) the particle reaches and strikes the baf-.- fling wall D. If the particle be somewhat larger, the period of primary chemical react1on and of nascency is to be regarded as continuing somewhat longer, and in such fore the dropping'of the temperature of the impinging particles below that degree where the smelting or matte-forming action occurs.

After a furnace of this character has been once put into full operation, the process becomes'continuous. The solid particles pro-' 7 jected into the chambenas a continuous stream are, with intense rapidity, oxidized,

brought to a nascent condition, and driven against the baffles, the result being the constant formationof first, viscid, and then liquid, masses which drop from the baflies to the bath 7 chamber' below.

If the surplus oxidizing or river-oxidation referred to should occur, it can be corrected in either of several Ways by an apparatus such as shown. Under some circumstances,

one of thesets of ore-delivering devices (the fids, a suitable atmosphere can be obof the chamber,

tained from-the combustion of the gaseous or liquid fuel supplied through the ducts f, f, and their nozzles, they being provided with valves, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, to vary the reducing atmosphere which they can form in'the furnace chamber. The sulfid ore, which can be delivered from either of the setsof' supply devices, can, by

means of the valves combined withxthe hop- 'pers, be increased in relation to the air volume in such way as to prevent the total volume of air which is injected into the furnace from over-oxidizing the metal bodies either while in suspension in the upper part or after being collected in the bath hearth.

As above described, the bins or hoppers are capable of widely various uses in respect to the materials which they hold and the proportions of such materials, respectively, which they deliver to the furnace at any one time. It has been mentioned that all of the hoppers E, E E of the series may be supplied with ore material, or that one of the series may be supplied with ore and another with flux materials, and also that a fuel element, such as reduced carbon,

may be supplied in a stream from a separate holder ormixed with the ore in one or more of the bins.

By havingtwo or more supply systems for solid material and two or morejpoints of introduction for ore or other solid mate- .rial to the furnace, I can readily secure a mass .of components varying in any desired proportion in the furnace, and'my process involves the supplying of re-agents and counter agents according to the physical and chemical conditions met with at the time of working. While the solid material under preferred regulation of components is being delivered at one point of introduction, the valves or dampers at another point can be so set as to provide Whatever modification is required, either in the initial materials delivered, or in the products that are being formed, as concerns desulfurizing, oxidation \and heat production. If it is found that the ore material in the hopper of one ofthe series is low in sulfur or metal, or both, and therefore does not demand a high proportion of oxygen, an ore richer-in metal and sulfur can be supplied to the ore hopper of the other series of bins, and the process so carried on that there shall be the desired balance-reached in respect not only to heat production, but also in respect to desulfurizing and oxidation. Over-oxidation can be corrected and a low degree of under-oxidation can be brought up to the degree required. If at any time it is desired to relatively increase the extent of slag forming, or to varythe .nature of the slag formed, it can be accomplished by properly manipulating the valves or dampers of the bins of one of the sets, as the mechanism shown is such that I can either vary the quantities of ore admitted at the two points of supply in relation to each other, or to vary the mixture at the time the metallic components are in a molten condition, and

can also vary the other solid bodies that are introduced.

After oneset of ore-supplying devices has had its pants regulated to properly meet the set of conditions or circumstances in the work in hand, it is not desirable to vary their adjustment or regulation unless imperatively necessary. But as ore and other solid materials are delivered to the furnace at two points, the work being effected in the furnace and the results attained can be modified as desired without varying the adjustments of the first set of parts.

When the furnace is provided with arresting devices, the combustion can be maintained approximately uniformly throughout binations which constitute the matte. The

former results in rapid accretions of slag masses also collecting on the baffle walls. As they trickle or drop into the bath chamber, the usual separation takes place between the slag and the heavy metal components, the slag finally rising to the over flow orifice at a and the metal or matte being drawn off at the tap hole a whenever I necessary.

It will be readily seenthatin many respects there can be departure from the specific subject matter above presented in de tail without departing from the essential features of my invention. For example, I selected for illustration a single sulfid mass and described it as possibly modified by the introduction of supplemental quantities of lime or silica.

But it is common practice to mingle two or more separate sulfid masses, varying from each other in their chemical-composition. The present apparatus and-method can be used with such bodies, the desired mingling or mixing occurring before blowing them into the furnace. Such interminghng of'one sulfid or other ore mass, with another may be effected in order to insure a sufficient quantum of fuel component in the total mass. One ore body may be relatively low in sulfur and will require proper mixing with one which is relatively higher in its ercentage of that body.

An again -in some metallurgical operations a native fuel component will beentirely absent, and in such cases I introduce a separatefuel such as pulverized carbon or carbonaceous material. This fuelelement may be mixed with the ore before it is delivered to a separate receptacle such as that at E, or it may be delivered to a stream of theore from a separate holder. In still other cases I provide for the employment of a liquid fuel, such as oil, or an inflammable gas, to be delivered in any suitable way, inconjunction with the material to be treated.

Nor do I limit myself to the production of aregulus,.or what is. commonly called matte, for as is well known if the oxidation and'desulfurization be'carried to the,proper point (this being readily done by suitable manipulation of the air) the reactions will result in the production of a slag, as before, and of a metallic body instead of a regulus or matte. In this case the relative quantity of air and oxygen is larger and the oxidation of the ore masses is more complete than when a regulus or matte is to be formed.

The process is applicable to the treatment either of native ore bodies, such as have been above referred to, or to those which are known as concentrates, masses artificially produced by washing out from the native masses the worthless or unnecessary constituents.

And even mattes themselves after being properly prepared can be further treated in the way above described, as they can be.

fed into the furnace the same as the natural sulfids and can be mingled with the necessary fluxing materials, such as silica. this resulting either in a more highly enriched matte and a slag, or in a slag and a free metal, such as copper; the operation in that case taking the place of that-which is now carried on in converters.

I do not herein claim any of the novel features incident to the apparatus which I have shown, but reserve the right to file applications for patent for the new and useful improvements embodied therein.

What I claim is 1. The herein described process for treating metalliferous ores in fine condition, which consists in projecting a stream of the ore fines into a confined chamber, subjecting the scattered particles to a high heat thereby causing initial chemical reactions therein, then while in a highly heated and nas cent state suddenly arrestin said particles while being driven by the orce, of projection and before reaching the chamber exit and causingthem to mass together to form relatively small accretional bodies wherein incipient smelting action occurs, and then collecting the said bodies in a smeltingbath, substantially as set forth.

2. The herein described process for treatexit and causing them to mass together to form relatively small accretional bodies wherein incipient smelting action occurs, and then collecting the said... bodies in a smelting bath.

3. The herein described process for treating the sulfids, and the like, of metals, in fine condition, which'consists in' projecting a stream of the fines into a confined chamber, subjecting the scattered particles to a high heat thereby oxidizing them and lowering the quantity of the sulfur, or the like. component of the said particles, suddenly arresting them while in a highly heated and nascent state and before they reach the chamber exit causing them to mass together to form relatively small accretional bodies, and collecting the said bodies in a bath.

.4. Theherein described process for treatlowering the quantity of the sulfur, or like,

component of the said particles, suddenly arresting said particles While in a highly heated and nascent state and causing them to mass with each other, forming relatively small molten bodies of the agglomerated particles and collecting the said bodies in a bath, and permitting the gaseous products tobe withdrawn from the interior of the confined chamber, substantially as set forth. 5. The herein described process for treating sulfid ores, and the like, infine condition,

which consists in air blasting. the fines in a stream into a confined chamber, subjecting the separated particles to a heat sufiiciently high to effect smelting reactions, suddenly arresting them, and before they reach the chamber exit causing them to mass with each other when in a highly heated and nascent state to form relatively small molten bodies, collecting the relatively small molten bodies in a bath, and causing the gaseous products to be diverted from the paths of the metallic particles, substantially as set forth.

6. .The herein described process for treating metalliferous ores in fine condition, which consists in projectin a stream of the ore fines into a confined c amber, subjecting the scattered particles to a high heat, thereby causing initial chemical reactions therein, then while in a highly heated and nascent state suddenly arrestin said particles While being driven by t e force of projection and before they reach the chamber exit causing them to mass together to form. relatively small accretional bodles wherein incipient smelting action occurs, and then collecting the said bodies in a smelting bath immediately below the region of' arresting, substantially as set forth.

7. The herein described process for treating metalliferous ores in fine condition, which consists in projecting a stream of the ore fines into a confined chamber, subjecting the scattered particles to a-highheat, there-' by causing initial chemical reactions therein, then as the particles advance and become highly heated and nascent and before they reach the chamber exitcausing them to mass together some at one place and some at another to form relatively small accretional bodies wherein incipient smelting action occurs, and then collecting the said bodies in a smelting bath, substantially as set forth. Q 8. The herein described process for treating metalliferous ores in a fine condition, which consists in air blasting a stream of the ore fines into a confined chamber, oxidizing them at a high heat by the oxygen of the smelting bath.

blast, then while the particles are'in a highly heated and nascent'state suddenly deflecting the air and gaseous products successively at a plurality ofpl aces thereby causing the particles to mass together at a plurality of places to form relatively small accretional bodies wherein incipient smelting occurs, and then collecting the said 9. The herein described process for treating material in a finely divided condition and containing metalliferous and combusbodies in a tible substances, which consists inair blasting a stream of the material into a confined chamber, causing the said combustible substance to unite with'the oxygen of the blast thereby subjecting all of the scattered particles to a high heat, then While in a highly heated and nascent state suddenly arresting said particles while being driven by the force of projection and before they reach the chamber exit causing them to mass together to form relatively small accretional bodies wherein incipient smelting action occurs, and then .collecting the said bodies in a smelting bath, substantially as set forth.

10. In the treatment of ore, the process of subjecting a charge of the ore material in a finely divided state to the action of an oxidizing atmosphere in the presence of a combustible component in an inclosed chamber,

maintaining the temperature of reaction at a point to effect fusion of the chargewhile in suspension in the said chamber,collecting into a bath the products of theoxidizing. reacti n, and delivering to the chamber ore or suitable .solid re-agents supplemental to the aforesaid charge of ore material to regulate as requiredthe character and extent of the reactions.

11. In the treatment of ore, the process of subjecting a charge of the ore material in a finely divided state to the action of an oxidizing atmosphere in the presence of a combustible component in an inclosed chamber, maintaining the temperature'of the reaction at a point to effect fusion of the metallifer-- ous products while in suspension, collecting the fused products in a bath, introducing to the chamber a mass of ore or solid material supplemental to the aforesaid charge, and introducing a combustible carbon and maintaining the heat of the furnace contents at the temperature of reaction until the bath is v of the desired constitution.

12. In the manufacture of copper matte,

the process of spraying in a treatment chamher a mass containing finely divided copper sulfid iron and fluxing material in the presence of a supporter of combustion, igniting the mass of the said spray in said chamber while in suspension, continuing the introduction of fresh particles of ore and flux afterignition, regulating the supply of 'ore fuel components and air to maintain oxidization of thev sulfur and iron and the slagging of the iron thusoxidized, at a rate to raise the temperature to the point of fusion of the matte-forming copper sulfid and slag while the particles are in suspension, collecting the fused material and slag in a bath at the bottom of the ch'amber,'and supplying to the chamber ore or a suitable solid material to vary the degree of oxidation of the products'of reaction while .7 the massis still at the reaction temperature.

13. The herein described process for treating metalliferous ore in fine condition, which chamber.

the said stream, and causing thesaid two consists in projecting a stream of ore fines into a confined chamber, subjecting the particles to a high heat and the action of an OXldlZlIlg atmosphere, thereby CaUSlII gDXk dizing reactions therein while in a- -'{i 1ighly heated nascent state and while in ""a' state of suspension, collecting in fluid form'the metal products of the said reactions, and" simultaneously introducing another mass of ore susceptible of being oxidized within the said 14. The herein it consisting in air blasting a stream of the ore fines into a confined chamber oxidizing them at a high heat by the oxygen of the blast, simultaneously introducing other bodies'of the ore' supplemental to those of bodies of ore to form a properly oxidiz fiuid mass at a smeltingtem rature described. process for treating metalliferous ores when in fine condition,

, exit, causing them to mass together to form.

15. The herein described process of roasting and smelting sulfid of iron or copper ore to produce a matte mass, it consisting in projecting the ore While in fine condition 16. The herein described process for treating'metalliferous ores in fine condition,

which consists in air blasting a stream of the ore fines into a. confined chamber, oxidizing them at a high heat by the oxygen of the blast, then while in a highly heated and nascent state, suddenly arresting said particles While being driven by the force of projection, and before reaching the chamber relatively small accretional bodies wherein incipient smelting action occurs, collecting the said bodies in a smelting bath, and introducing a supply of ore supplemental to that in the aforesaid stream.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature,

in presence of two witnesses.

RICHARD LEWIS LLOYD. Witnesses: JOHN Knox, WILLIAM J. HOLLEN. 

